Monday, December 27, 2010

Interpretation of the top ten medical breakthroughs of 2010, a blood test can diagnose heart attack

 HIV infection can reduce the risk of antiretroviral drugs
HIV-positive patients by thwart the virus, the AIDS epidemic has been improved. But a new study shows that this treatment may also have another advantage - - to become healthy individuals against HIV infection is a major powerful weapon.
read: a lot of people talk about Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome , but when HIV damaged the immune system, the body due to loss of resistance to other diseases and infections leading to death.
is still more research is needed to determine the antiretroviral drugs on the benefits of HIV prevention, public health experts warned that even if the final results confirm that the method really works, it can not replace the best way to prevent it: safe sex and condom use.

2010 birth of artificial living cells, the DNA of the form by Chemical substances br> Interpretation: Experts pointed out that the production of artificial life is still not out of genetic material from a biological cell into another cookie cutter living biological cells, but its still a milestone birth of the significance of the genome of artificial cells of human synthesis of the first dynamic genome. In the past scientists implementation of genetic engineering, often for one or several genes, artificial cells, birth, signs of human has been in the whole genome level for life transformed. Therefore, as Biotechnology is an important part - of genetic engineering will have entered the genome era. a new era has arrived.
the face of public fear of artificial life, and many experts have given a more objective interpretation. fact , the improvement of the human ability to control life, or a very long process. human life is still very superficial understanding of the true sense of the manufacturing life, and perhaps just a distant dream.
dementia
a promising new blood test for early diagnosis means or to Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's), even before the first symptoms appear, thus preventing dementia and offers the possibility of mental decline. The new testing method by analyzing two dozen blood proteins, diagnostic accuracy of Alzheimer's disease up to 80%. early diagnosis can help patients make full use of behavioral interventions, such as maintain social contacts and learn new things to keep the brain active, Alzheimer's disease to slow the mental decline caused.
Interpretation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing, Xu Jun, director of a hospital physician, told reporters in 2007, composed of multi-country study by the research team identified were isolated from plasma of 18 signal protein, proved to be can be used for diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease protein biomarker combination, then the results of this study published in Identification of thousand dollars of the cost can not be widely applied to many patients to go.
some clinical experts point out that Alzheimer's disease at an average age of 65 years of age, other factors such as acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, general anesthesia, can led to the early clinical symptoms appear; and the high level of education, a good attitude and lifestyle, and the lack of cardiovascular risk factors of the elderly has a strong . Therefore, only the patient's clinical assessment and multiple combination biomarkers comprehensive analysis, to its correct diagnosis and classification.
FDA approved the use of botulinum toxin treatment of migraine
rely on more than 1,000 The two patients involved in large-scale test data obtained from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have come to believe, face a monthly injection of botulinum toxin in patients with migraine headaches occur less than the number of those who did not accept this kind of paralysis in patients injected with This year in October, officially approved the use of botulinum toxin treatment of migraine.
Interpretation: At present, botulinum toxin injection as beauty products, used in certain doses can reduce wrinkles and the treatment of excessive underarm sweating, and strabismus. Lin, director of a hospital built analgesic told reporters that more than 20 years botulinum toxin came in 1996, Nanjing, some hospitals began to try to use botulinum toxin treatment of hemifacial spasm. In the United States, botulinum toxin has been used a lot of beauty Home wrinkles, migraines and wrinkles because the crowd is mostly women. whether abroad or, Nanjing, there are some patients said their symptoms of migraine seems to have eased. neurology experts to get this information, Start the Botox treatment for migraine were introduced.
FDA said in a statement released this year, in order to ease the headache, chronic migraine headaches every 12 weeks to adult patients receiving a botulinum toxin injection. FDA says , the number of those only 14 days of headache per month, or less than 14 days old, there is no effect of botulinum toxin injections.
Lim Director said that they had the use of botulinum toxin treatment of the effects of migraine statistics 50% of the people has improved, there is no effect of half, and the use of Botox is expensive. climate change, odor and certain foods and drugs may trigger migraine attacks, to prevent migraine attacks, we must first eliminate or reduce the incentive for migraine, such as avoiding stress, vasodilator agents to avoid taking drugs, drinking wine and eating to avoid food containing cheese, coffee, chocolate, smoked fish, etc..
CPR reform : first a strong push
latest data show that patients in cardiac arrest when the rescue, with the conventional chest compressions alone CPR as effective as a result, the American Heart Association (AHA) has decided that the decades of history Emergency measures to be updated. The new first aid guidelines recommendations, including specially trained emergency medical personnel, including all the rescuers, the first of the powerful unconscious person chest compressions.
Interpretation: Since 1960, since the advent of cardiopulmonary resuscitation , emergency personnel mouth resuscitation combined with chest compressions, in the past 50 years have saved countless lives. Nanjing Lu Desheng, director of a hospital emergency department, told reporters in the past the first step in CPR, first open the airway, the second step must be restored ventilation; The third step is the recovery of cardiac compression cycle. But the latest CPR guidelines will be the first step to make major adjustments, when found lying on the ground by a , the immediate cardiac massage, and not eager to be open airway. Specifically, the rapid cardiac massage 30 times, blowing 2 tone, do it 5 groups.
experts say the American Heart Association, for those who may be at risk of heart people, first thing to consider is to make the heart beat up again, and to begin emergency chest compressions, cardiac arrest may be to minimize the damage caused. so, if not professional emergency personnel, as long as trained, can CPR, so that the first scene in the rescue of myocardial infarction patients, greatly improving their chances of survival.
participate in this year's AHA meeting, director of a hospital in the heart of Professor Xu Biao told reporters, with medical advances , myocardial infarction, the mortality rate has dropped to 3% -4%, but the vast majority of myocardial infarction sudden death occurred in hospital. So Western governments have asked people over the age of 18 must have the CPR. In addition, Professor Xu Biao that the risk of heart risk factors must first be controlled, hypertension and smoking are risk factors for myocardial infarction, and change bad habits, smoking and drinking, weight control, regular physical examination, etc. can radically reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction rate.
diabetes drug used to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes drug. and only in patients tried all other treatments are not effective, these doctors to give them open Avandia, the patient must also be signed, indicating clearly the risks associated with their own.
Interpretation: Avandia is GSK's UK best-selling oral diabetes in 2000, formally entered the Chinese market. Nanjing Diabetes Center experts told reporters that Avandia as an insulin sensitizer, mainly type 2 diabetes in use, these patients tend to insulin resistance, the use of Avandia can increase insulin sensitivity.
But since 2003, on the Avandia controversy to continue, has been a great concern .2003 In February, WHO warned, Avandia .2004 may induce heart disease, the New England Journal of Medicine, some experts suggested that many diabetic patients may be taking heart attack between Avandia great . This year in September, the European Medicines Agency, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration decided to severely restrict the sale of such drugs.
a month later, the State Food and Drug Administration issued a joint council and inform the Ministry of Health that the br> At present, cardiovascular condition check is the most reliable way to angiography. This is an invasive method, you will need a thin tube inserted into the thigh artery. Now, researchers have identified as the blood of 23 white matter synthetic genes specify the genetic code, the use of inspection and heart disease in this way blockage of blood vessels up to 83% accuracy rate. In this way, through blood testing, we can predict heart problems.
read: expect blood tests can predict their own heart attack is also unrealistic, at least for now, but for those high-risk patients, it can act as an early warning signal. perhaps through changes in diet and lifestyle, these patients can prevent heart attacks.
Nanjing a hospital medical director of heart Professor Xu Biao also believes that the diagnosis of heart disease to determine gene alone and wrong, because the differences between people with the same nature. and some diseases caused by single gene difference is, heart disease effect is caused by multiple genes, lifestyle and the people have acquired great relevance. If a person found not high genetic risk for congenital, may overlook acquired health, he also can be transformed into heart disease high-risk groups. Institute of daily life in the self-management, establish a good healthy lifestyle is critical for heart disease.
present, coronary angiography technology is confirmed by international experts agree that the most reliable coronary heart disease One way, known as the survey shows that many patients do not know of coronary angiography, coronary angiography and surgical applications still popular in China.
IVF embryos can be precisely measured
health researchers at Stanford University to find a ways to pick out the strongest embryos, pregnancy and maximize the success probability of the birth of a baby. scientists take the first few hours after fertilization embryos activities, to determine whether a continued development of embryos and go survive for several days, and not die.
draw the right conclusion to ensure that the other criteria include: embryos from a cell divides into two cells with time, and it takes a long time to carry out this division. Next This kind of video recording is based on the assessment of clinical trials carried out in vitro fertilization, to determine whether the results of this analysis can improve the success of pregnancy and the probability of safe birth of a baby.
Interpretation: IVF is not mysterious, just remove sperm and eggs in vitro, so that they combine in a test tube, and to meet the conditions of fertilized eggs in the environment of growth, division and development of 4-6 days, the formation of embryos. and then embryo transfer into the uterine cavity, it can development of the uterine cavity.
researchers recently published in embryo implantation by selective female uterus, to help regeneration in vitro fertilization embryos to improve clinical implantation rate of success.
a hospital in Nanjing Center for Reproductive Professor Sun Haixiang told reporters that has been confirmed, the embryo to the first division after fertilization The time is very important. but fully use this to predict the health of embryos, but not 100% accurate, but there is no way to be 100% of the predicted health of the embryo. and it needs to place in the incubator microscope 24 hours a day to shoot video to be observed, for in clinical terms, the operation more difficult, so it applied to the clinical need some time.
Scientists this year reported that they successfully produce artificial ovary, will one day allow mature human eggs in vitro, which for those people who are infertile is good news. U.S. researchers led by Brown University, a research group Three patients successfully donated egg born, bred and ovarian similar three-dimensional structure. In the laboratory, nurtured these types of cells can be the same as the normal ovarian interaction. researchers even successfully from the initial stages of human eggs grow into fully developed form.
Interpretation: the successful cultivation of artificial ovarian bring the most direct impact is the domain of artificial insemination can help improve the success rate of technical staff. At present, when a female egg donor insemination treatment cycles when they provide a variety of mature and immature eggs; development of the more mature eggs, fertilized embryos, the less likely to become.
artificial ovary may also help women with ovarian disease (such patients can not produce mature eggs), so that they use artificial insemination techniques have their own baby. But experts said the man play from its ovarian effect, there is still a long way to go.
iPS cells in fostering safe and effective
treating disease with stem cell therapy is still the only possible thing the future, but the results will be used in clinical laboratory studies on the road, scientists are constantly making significant progress. iPS cells in fostering (iPS) in the process, Boston Researchers at a hospital in a major breakthrough, the technology can be safely applied to human patients.
Interpretation: a hospital in Nanjing, said Professor Sun Haixiang reproductive center, called iPS cells, called induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem cells are not sufficiently differentiated, immature cells that have regenerative potential of human functions of various tissues and organs, the medical profession as in vitro into pluripotent stem cells.
Until now, training in the use of iPS cells in skin cells, the researchers still need to be skin cells exposed to both viruses and cancer-causing gene environment, and then through the ; it into a similar embryonic state. Now, the Boston scientists have successfully used an alternative called The technology's efficiency is about 100 times the other traditional methods.
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